Author(s) :

ABDULLAHI MUSA AHMED, JIM EKENE OKEMINI, SAMUEL ADAMA, EMMANUEL ELIJAH.

Volume/Issue :

Abstract :

Africa's political evolution is characterised by conflicts that have sometimes gone beyond the capabilities of the continental body to resolve without resort to foreign assistance, especially in the critical field of military assistance. The United Nations (UN) peacekeeping operations have played a crucial role in maintaining international peace and security, particularly in Africa. Since the 1960s, Africa has been the focus of numerous UN peacekeeping missions, with the continent hosting some of the most complex and protracted conflicts. This article provides a critical review of Africa's experience in UN peacekeeping operations, examining the successes, challenges, and controversies surrounding these missions. The study also conceptualised peacekeeping and adopted the collective security paradigm as a framework for analysis. The study used mainly secondary data obtained from books, journals, conference papers and the Internet. All data collected were presented and analysed qualitatively through content analysis. The article also explores the role of African regional organisations, such as the African Union, in supporting UN peacekeeping efforts. Furthermore, it critiqued the dominant Western-centric approach to peacekeeping, highlighting the need for more inclusive and context-specific strategies that prioritise African perspectives and agency. Ultimately, this study aims to contribute to a nuanced understanding of the complexities and challenges of UN peacekeeping operations in Africa and to inform policy debates on how to improve the effectiveness and sustainability of these missions. Keywords- Peacekeeping, Africa, United Nations collective security

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